C. 60
(Zingerle Nr. 44; Di Brazzano Nr. 23)
Mirador should be here!
KLAGE DER STADT ROM AN DEN GÖTTLICHEN KAISER MAXIMILIAN
QUERELA URBIS ROMAE AD DIVUM MAXIMILIANUM CAESAREM
Beschreibung
The poem consists of a prosopopoeia of the city of Rome, which complains about being threatened by the French led by Charles VIII and therefore asks for the intervention of Maximilian I and the other German princes. In the poem, great emphasis is placed on a very frequent theme in imperial politics, that is the restoring of imperial supremacy in Italy.
The French king Charles VIII (1470-1498) invaded Italy in 1494 in order to conquer the kingdom of Naples. In the course of his advance, he occupied and devastated several Italian regions including Rome. The successes of Charles VIII caused Maximilian to fear territorial and financial losses as well as his imperial power being questioned. Di Brazzano dates the poem to spring 1495, when the Habsburgs tried to persuade the German leaders at the Diet of Worms to financially and militarily support Maximilian's campaign in order to secure his power in Italy. Bonomo's poem was supposed to be an effective propaganda tool in this context. Nonetheless, the German leaders were unwilling to participate in any campaign, since they were more interested in consolidating their positions within the Empire. As a result, during the Worms diet they denied Maximilian any support.
The French king Charles VIII (1470-1498) invaded Italy in 1494 in order to conquer the kingdom of Naples. In the course of his advance, he occupied and devastated several Italian regions including Rome. The successes of Charles VIII caused Maximilian to fear territorial and financial losses as well as his imperial power being questioned. Di Brazzano dates the poem to spring 1495, when the Habsburgs tried to persuade the German leaders at the Diet of Worms to financially and militarily support Maximilian's campaign in order to secure his power in Italy. Bonomo's poem was supposed to be an effective propaganda tool in this context. Nonetheless, the German leaders were unwilling to participate in any campaign, since they were more interested in consolidating their positions within the Empire. As a result, during the Worms diet they denied Maximilian any support.
Anzahl Seiten
3
Anzahl Zeilen
55
Zeigt 1 - 50 von 55
| Transkribierter Text | Übersetzung | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Defleram, fateor, quondam mea vulnera, Caesar, | Ich gestehe, ich hatte einst meine Schäden beklagt, Kaiser, | Caesar
Maximilian I, who would have officially obtained the title of emperor only in 1508. Nevertheless, the court poets already used such title after the death of Frederick III.
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| 2 | Cum veheret captas Gallicus hostis opes; | als der gallische Feind die erbeuteten Reichtümer mit sich fortgeschleppt hatte; | Gallicus hostis
reference to the Gaulish invasion of Rome led by Brennus (387 BC).
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| 3 | Mox tamen ut rediit referens mihi signa Camillus | doch sobald Camillus zurückkehrte, mir die Feldzeichen wiederbrachte | referens mihi signa Camillus
Marcus Furius Camillus (IV cent. BC) freed Rome from the invasion of the Gauls.
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| 4 | Estque triumphali per fora vectus equo, | und zu Pferde in einem Triumphzug über die Plätze ritt, | |
| 5 | Solata est tristes lacrimas Victoria felix | da trocknete mir die erfolgreiche Victoria die Tränen der Trauer | Victoria
personified goddess of victory.
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| 6 | Et laceris voluit crinibus esse modum. | und verlangte von mir, dem Haareraufen ein Ende zu setzen. | laceris...crinibus...plangere pectus....Scindere...unguibus
vv.6–8: Bonomo uses the typical Latin vocabulary of the ancient gestures of lamentation.
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| 7 | Nunc mihi nulla quies luctus, nunc plangere pectus, | Dieses Mal habe ich keine Ruhe zum Trauern, dieses Mal will ich auf meine Brust | plangere pectus...Scindere...unguibus
vv.6–8: Bonomo uses the typical Latin vocabulary of the ancient gestures of lamentation.
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| 8 | Scindere et infaustis unguibus ora iuvat. | einschlagen und mit den Nägeln unglücklich mein Gesicht zerkratzen. | Scindere...unguibus
vv.6–8: Bonomo uses the typical Latin vocabulary of the ancient gestures of lamentation.
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| 9 | Flecte oculos, multo conspersam pulvere cernes | Senke deinen Blick, du wirst mit Asche überschüttetes | multo conspersam pulvere cernes...Canitiem et lugubri corpora tecta toga
vv. 9–14. In this section, Bonomo focuses on two elements that recall Roman antiquity: the use of sprinkling one’s hair with sand and ash, as king Latinus did as a sign of mourning for the death of his wife Amata and for the fall of the city of Alba Longa; seeking refuge within temples. This image can undergo two differing interpretations: it can be referred either to the personification of Rome, presenting itself in mourning attire, or rather to the inhabitants of Rome (called Martia turba because Mars was the father of Romulus, the progenitor of the Romans).
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| 10 | Canitiem et lugubri corpora tecta toga; | graues Haar erblicken und einen in Trauerkleidung gehüllten Körper; | multo conspersam pulvere cernes...Canitiem et lugubri corpora tecta toga
vv. 9–14. In this section, Bonomo focuses on two elements that recall Roman antiquity: the use of sprinkling one’s hair with sand and ash, as king Latinus did as a sign of mourning for the death of his wife Amata and for the fall of the city of Alba Longa; seeking refuge within temples. This image can undergo two differing interpretations: it can be referred either to the personification of Rome, presenting itself in mourning attire, or rather to the inhabitants of Rome (called Martia turba because Mars was the father of Romulus, the progenitor of the Romans).
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| 11 | Et mecum querulas fundit per compita voces | und zusammen mit mir stößt das von unzähligen Übeln geplagte | |
| 12 | Oppressa innumeris Martia turba malis. | Volk des Mars an den Wegkreuzungen Klageworte aus. | |
| 13 | Respice, Tarpeiam qua mons mihi sustinet arcem: | Schau dorthin, wo der Fels die tarpeische Anhöhe trägt: | Tarpeiam...arcem
the Tarpeian Rock is a cliff on the south side of the Capitoline Hill, which was used during the Roman Republic as a site for executing murderers and traitors.
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| 14 | Squalida lugenti supplice templa gemunt. | Aus den Tempeln dringt das Seufzen der leidenden, in Trauerkleidung gehüllten Schutzflehenden. | |
| 15 | Venit in exitium populo patribusque Quiritum | Erneut sind die Gallier zur Vernichtung des Volks und der Väter der Quiriten | Quiritum
Quirites is a poetic term for the citizens of ancient Rome.
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| 16 | Romanasque iterum Gallia vexat opes: | gekommen und plündern die Reichtümer Roms: | |
| 17 | Nam Karolus Latiam quaerit dum vincere Francus | Denn während er danach trachtet, das latinische Parthenope zu besiegen, | Karolus Latiam quaerit dum vincere Francus...Parthenopen
Charles VIII (1470-1498), king of France (1483-1498), invaded Italy in 1494 in order to conquer the kingdom of Naples (whose ancient name was Parthenope), where Alfonso II ascended the throne after the death of his father Ferdinand I of Aragon. In the course of his advance, he obtained Pisa and other important localities from the Florentine Medici state, until he penetrated into the Papal States and even occupied Rome.
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| 18 | Parthenopen, nostris aedibus arma locat. | stellt Karl, der Franke, seine Kriegsausrüstung vor unseren Häusern ab. | Karolus Latiam quaerit dum vincere Francus...Parthenopen
Charles VIII (1470-1498), king of France (1483-1498), invaded Italy in 1494 in order to conquer the kingdom of Naples (whose ancient name was Parthenope), where Alfonso II ascended the throne after the death of his father Ferdinand I of Aragon. In the course of his advance, he obtained Pisa and other important localities from the Florentine Medici state, until he penetrated into the Papal States and even occupied Rome.
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| 19 | Barbarus exsultat mediis penetralibus hostis | Der barbarische Feind tummelt sich prahlerisch im Innersten unserer Heiligtümer | |
| 20 | Et violat nostri nominis omne decus. | und besudelt alle Würde unseres Namens. | |
| 21 | Conteror et cernunt miseri sua funera cives, | Ich werde aufgerieben, die armen Bürger gewahren ihren Untergang, | |
| 22 | Nemo est, qui maestis vocibus addat opem. | und es gibt niemanden, der den verzweifelten Hilferufen nachkommen würde. | |
| 23 | Prisca iacet virtus, nullus mea damna repensat, | Die alte Tugend liegt darnieder, niemand wiegt mir meine Schäden auf, | Prisca iacet virtus...In cassum Curios Fabriciosque voco
these verses develop the theme of the contrast between the past virtue and the present corruption, represented by the prominent families of the Curii and the Fabricii. Their most famous representatives M. Curius Dentatus and C. Fabricius were successful commanders in the battles against Italic tribes and in the war against the Greek king Pyrrhos in the 3rd century BC.
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| 24 | In cassum Curios Fabriciosque voco. | vergeblich rufe ich die Curier und Fabrizier an. | Prisca iacet virtus...In cassum Curios Fabriciosque voco
these verses develop the theme of the contrast between the past virtue and the present corruption, represented by the prominent families of the Curii and the Fabricii. Their most famous representatives M. Curius Dentatus and C. Fabricius were successful commanders in the battles against Italic tribes and in the war against the Greek king Pyrrhos in the 3rd century BC.
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| 25 | En furit Alphonsi capta crudelior aula | Die grausamen Gallier wüten im besetzten Königshof des Alfonso | furit Alphonsi capta crudelior aula...Gallus
On 22 February 1495 Charles VIII eventually conquered Naples (defined as Alphonsi aula, that is Alfonso's court). Alfonso was expelled and Charles was installed as King of Naples.
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| 26 | Gallus, et in nostros iam redit inde Lares. | und kehren von dort wieder zu unseren Häusern zurück. | furit Alphonsi capta crudelior aula...Gallus
On 22 February 1495 Charles VIII eventually conquered Naples (defined as Alphonsi aula, that is Alfonso's court). Alfonso was expelled and Charles was installed as King of Naples.
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| 27 | Expectant graviora mei passimque Quirites | Meine Quiriten erwarten noch Schlimmeres und zerstreuen sich fliehend | Quirites
cfr. on v. 15.
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| 28 | Diffugiunt: Vacuam me superesse vides. | überallhin: Völlig unbewohnt siehst du mich zurückbleiben. | |
| 29 | Tu mihi longinquo, Caesar, torpescis in orbe | Du, Kaiser, harrst träge in einem weit entfernten Land aus | |
| 30 | Et pateris solii tecta perire tui. | und lässt es zu, dass die Städte deines Königreichs zugrunde gerichtet werden. | |
| 31 | Gens miseram Latii sedem premet improba regni | Das boshafte Volk bedrängt den unglückseligen Sitz des Reiches Latium | |
| 32 | Inque mea ponet Gallica castra domo. | und schlägt gallische Feldlager in meinen Häusern auf. | |
| 33 | Germaniae nimium vires animosque sepultos | Deutlich erkennen wir, dass die Tatkraft und der Mut Germaniens völlig | |
| 34 | Cernimus et segnes ad sua iura viros. | zerstört sind und die Männer zu träge, um ihr Recht durchzusetzen. | ad sua iura
vv. 31–34: The verses expound the main supporting argument for Maximilian's intervention: Rome, along with all of Italy, is part and possession of the empire. The invasion of the king of France is presented as illegitimate and it is compared to the ancient invasion of the Gauls.
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| 35 | Quid, Maguntiacae praesul venerabilis urbis, | Ehrwürdiger Erzbischof des Stadt Mainz, warum | Maguntiacae praesul venerabilis urbis
the city of Rome addresses the prince-electors, first the spiritual and then the secular electors. Bonomo first refers to the Archbishop of Mainz, Berthold von Henneberg (1441-1504).
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| 36 | Otia securis sedibus usque teris? | schlägst du unentwegt in deinem geschützten Wohnsitz müßig die Zeit tot? | |
| 37 | Quid tu, qui dignas Agrippae nobilis arces | Und wieso du, der du die Festung des ruhmvollen Köln | Agrippae nobilis arces
Archbishop of Cologne, Hermann IV von Hesse (1450-1508).
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| 38 | Dirigis et multo nomine ubique sonas? | regierst und mit verschiedenen Namen in aller Munde bist? | |
| 39 | Quid, Treveris qui regna colis? Quid tu, alta propago | Warum du, der du die Herrschaft über Trier innehast? Und warum du, erhabener Sprössling | propago...Bavariae
Philip the Upright, Elector Palatine of the Rhine from the house of Wittelsbach (1448-1508).
Treveris qui regna colis
the Archbishop of Trier, Johannes II von Baden (1443–1503).
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| 40 | Bavariae, Rheni cui lavat unda domos? | Bayerns, wo die Wogen des Rheins die Häuser umspülen? | propago...Bavariae
Philip the Upright, Elector Palatine of the Rhine from the house of Wittelsbach (1448-1508).
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| 41 | Rumpe moras, Saxon Friderice, ac incluta profer | Zögere nicht, Friedrich aus Sachsen, tritt hervor im Glanze der ruhmvollen | Saxon Friderice
the Duke Frederick III, also known as Frederick the Wise, Elector of Saxony (1463-1525).
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| 42 | Nomina et antiquis sis mihi dignus avis! | Namen deiner alten Vorfahren und erweise dich für mich ihrer würdig! | sis mihi dignus avis
the Duke Frederick of Saxony should prove himself to be equal to his ancestors, such as the emperors Otto I (962-973), Otto II (967-983), and Otto III (983-1002), who particated in military campaigns to Italy.
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| 43 | Brandeburgensis nunc gloria principis, adsis, | Ruhmvoller Fürst Brandenburgs, steh uns jetzt bei, | Brandeburgensis...principis
John "Cicero" (1455-1499), Elector of Brandenburg, of the House of Hohenzollern.
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| 44 | Hinc poteris digno praemia ferre Lari! | dann wirst du die verdienten Auszeichnungen nach Hause mitnehmen können! | |
| 45 | Vosque alii heroes, quoscumque aut arctica Tethys | Und all ihr anderen Ehrenmänner, die euch die Nordsee | arctica Tethys...Rheni...Visulae...Histri
vv. 45–47: The borders of the German territory are indicated starting from the northern one, marked by the North Sea and the Baltic Sea (arctica Tethys). The rivers Rhine (Rhenus), Danube (Hister) and Vistula (Visula) mark the western, southern and eastern borders respectively.
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| 46 | Abluit aut Rheni terminat ora patris, | umspült oder die Ufer des Vater Rhein umschließen, | Rheni...Visulae...Histri
vv. 45–47: The borders of the German territory are indicated starting from the northern one, marked by the North Sea and the Baltic Sea (arctica Tethys). The rivers Rhine (Rhenus), Danube (Hister) and Vistula (Visula) mark the western, southern and eastern borders respectively.
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| 47 | Seu Visulae fines, seu vos vada cernitis Histri, | sei es, dass ihr auf die Weichselgrenze, sei es, dass ihr auf die Furten der Donau blickt, | Visulae...Histri
vv. 45–47: The borders of the German territory are indicated starting from the northern one, marked by the North Sea and the Baltic Sea (arctica Tethys). The rivers Rhine (Rhenus), Danube (Hister) and Vistula (Visula) mark the western, southern and eastern borders respectively.
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| 48 | In mea non serum vertite vota pedem! | erfüllt mein Verlangen, und zwar nicht zu spät! | |
| 49 | Tuque meos, Caesar, tecum miserate labores, | Und du, Kaiser, der du meine Nöte bedauerst, | |
| 50 | Cinge, precor, fausto protinus ense latus! | umgürte deine Hüfte, ich bitte dich, sogleich mit deinem glücksverheißenden Schwert! |