C. 12
(Zingerle Nr. 10)
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AN DEN GROẞARTIGEN UND EDLEN HERRN GEORG HÖLLECHER, DEN PRÄFEKTEN VON PORDENONE, EIN GEDICHT VON CORNELIUS PAULUS AMALTHEUS ÜBER DAS TROJANISCHE TURNIER DES SEGENBRINGENDEN KÖNIG MAXIMILIAN
AD MAGNIFICUM ET GENEROSUM VIRUM GEORGIUM HELECHREM PORTUS NAONIS PRAEFECTUM CORNELII PAULI AMALTHEI CARMEN DE LUDO TROIANO FAUSTISSIMI REGIS MAXIMILIANI
Beschreibung
This poem is addressed to the imperial prefect Georg Elacher/Hellecher. The Elachers/Hellechers were a prominent Austrian family, whose members served the imperial family. Georg was councilor and envoy of Emperor Maximilian. He arrived in Pordenone in 1485 with a military force and stayed in the Friuli city as Special commissioner and as captain until 1487 he held the position of captain again in the years 1488-91 and finally in 1493.
The poem deals with a tournament organized and won by Maximilian I. Although the poem contains various historical references, it is hard to establish the exact year of composition. First, Maximilian I is mentioned as "Romanae princeps faustissime gentis": therefore at the time of the composition of the poem, Maximilian had probably already been elected King of the Romans (February 16, 1486); Furthermore, the first tournament organized by Maximilian, held in Linz, dates back to 1489: thus the events described in the poem might date back to 1489 itself or to the subsequent years.
The poem deals with a tournament organized and won by Maximilian I. Although the poem contains various historical references, it is hard to establish the exact year of composition. First, Maximilian I is mentioned as "Romanae princeps faustissime gentis": therefore at the time of the composition of the poem, Maximilian had probably already been elected King of the Romans (February 16, 1486); Furthermore, the first tournament organized by Maximilian, held in Linz, dates back to 1489: thus the events described in the poem might date back to 1489 itself or to the subsequent years.
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1 | Iam mihi Pimpleos sit fas haurire liquores | Schon möge es mir gestattet sein, vornübergebeugt begierig von den pimpleischen Wassern | Pimpleos...liquores
reference to Mount Pimpla, in Pieria. In this place, there was a spring sacred to the Muses. This methaphor is used to express Amalteo’s request for poetic inspiration.
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2 | Pronius et fontes totumque Helicona movere | zu trinken, die Quellen und den gesamten Helikon in Bewegung zu setzen | Helicona
This mountain in Boeotia and his springs were sacred to the Muses and thought to provide poetic inspiration.
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3 | Et te, Phoebe, choris et vos accersere divae | und dich, Phoebus, mit deinen Chorreigen und euch, göttliche Pieriden, | |
4 | Pierides, Maiaque satum Bromiumque potentem | herbeizurufen, den Spross der Maia und den mächtigen Bromius, | Maiaque satum Bromiumque
The son of Maia is Mercury, god of commerce, thieves and travelers, among other things; in this context, he probably is invoked in his function as god of communication and eloquence. The word "Bromius", signifying "noisy, roaring" was used as an epithet of Bacchus, the god of wine and, among other things, festivity and theatre.
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5 | Bellerophontei celeberrima numina fontis. | die vielgerühmten Gottheiten der Quelle Bellerophons. | Bellerophontei...fontis
The mythological hero Bellerophon rode the winged horse Pegasus, which in turn formed the sacred source of the Muses, Hippocrene, with its hoofbeat; that spring was thought to provide poetic inspiration.
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6 | Et tu, Bistonias praesens tutela per oras, | Auch du, du unerschrockener Schutzherr über bistonische Lande, | Bistonias...oras
The adjective "Bistonius" denotes a Thacian tribe and, in a broader sense, the Thracians in general.
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7 | Si vacat et nullum deterret Strymona bellum, | wenn du Zeit hast und kein Krieg den Strymon in Schrecken versetzt, | Strymona
a river of Thrace. The references to Thrace are due to Mars' Thracian origins.
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8 | Huc, Gradive, veni galeaque insignis et ense | Gradivus, komme hierher, ausgezeichnet durch Helm und Schwert, | Gradive
epithet of Mars, whose meaning seemingly is "he who precedes the battle".
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9 | Illum, quaeso, mihi praestes in plectra furorem, | und schenke mir, ich bitte dich, jene stürmische Leidenschaft an der Laute, | |
10 | Quem tua cura, pater, bello fortissimus heros | welche dein Schützling, o Vater, der unglaublich tapfere Held Maximilian | |
11 | Maximianus habet, cum pectore fertur in arma | im Krieg an den Tag legt, wenn er sich mit hitzigem Gemüt in den Kampf | |
12 | Praecipiti gaudetque vias aperire per hostes. | stürzt und sich voller Freude den Weg durch die Feinde bahnt. | |
13 | Tuque o Romanae princeps faustissime gentis, | Auch du, segenbringender Fürst des römischen Volkes, | |
14 | Cui Belgas superare datum tortisque Sicambros | dem es gegeben war, die Belgier zu besiegen und die Sigambrer mit ihrer zu Zöpfen gewundenen | Belgas superare...Sicambros...Batavos...Morinos
vv. 14–16: reference to the various military triumphs of Emperor Maximilian. The Belgae were a large confederation of ancient tribes living in northern Gaul. The Sicambri were a Germanic people who lived on the east bank of the Rhine, in today's Germany near the border with the Netherlands. The Batavi were a Germanic tribe living in the area around the modern Dutch Rhine delta, while the Morini were a Belgic coastal tribe dwelling in what is now the French department Pas-de-Calais. It is difficult to define exactly which modern peoples the author identifies with each ancient tribe and to which historical events he alludes. He probably refers to the wars against the rebellious Flemings who strived for autonomy, culminating in Maximilians imprisonment in 1488, and the conflicts with the French in the War of the Burgundian Succession (1477-1493).
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15 | Crinibus et multo conflictos Marte Batavos | Haarpracht und die Bataver, gegen die du in zahlreichen Schlachten gekämpft hast, | Batavos
vv. 14–16: reference to the various military triumphs of Emperor Maximilian. The Belgae were a large confederation of ancient tribes living in northern Gaul. The Sicambri were a Germanic people who lived on the east bank of the Rhine, in today's Germany near the border with the Netherlands. The Batavi were a Germanic tribe living in the area around the modern Dutch Rhine delta, while the Morini were a Belgic coastal tribe dwelling in what is now the French department Pas-de-Calais. It is difficult to define exactly which modern peoples the author identifies with each ancient tribe and to which historical events he alludes. He probably refers to the wars against the rebellious Flemings who strived for autonomy, culminating in Maximilians imprisonment in 1488, and the conflicts with the French in the War of the Burgundian Succession (1477-1493).
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16 | Extremosque hominum Morinos, cui Gallia bello | sowie die Moriner, das fernste aller Völker, du, dem Gallien in einem blutigen | Morinos
vv. 14–16: reference to the various military triumphs of Emperor Maximilian. The Belgae were a large confederation of ancient tribes living in northern Gaul. The Sicambri were a Germanic people who lived on the east bank of the Rhine, in today’s Germany near the border with the Netherlands. The Batavi were a Germanic tribe living in the area around the modern Dutch Rhine delta, while the Morini were a Belgic coastal tribe dwelling in what is now the French department Pas-de-Calais. It is difficult to define exactly which modern peoples the author identifies with each ancient tribe and to which historical events he alludes. He probably refers to the wars against the rebellious Flemings who strived for autonomy, culminating in Maximilians imprisonment in 1488, and the conflicts with the French in the War of the Burgundian Succession (1477–1493).
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17 | Maxima sanguineo ter dena tropaea reliquit, | Krieg dreißig glanzvolle Siegestrophäen überlassen musste, | |
18 | Maximiane, adsis praesensque in carmine vires | Maximilian, stehe mir bei und gewähre mir sogleich Musenkräfte | vires...Aonias
The adjective "Aonius" is used as synonym for "Boeotic" and therefore refers to the Helicon, the mountain of the Muses, which is located in this region. Thus "Aonius" means "related to the Muses".
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19 | Aonias praesta et nostri praeludia plectri | für meine Dichtung, nimm das Vorspiel meines Gesanges | vires...Aonias
The adjective "Aonius" is used as synonym for "Boeotic" and therefore refers to the Helicon, the mountain of the Muses, which is located in this region. Thus "Aonius" means "related to the Muses".
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20 | Accipe nec gratos velis interiisse labores. | wohlwollend an und sorge dafür, dass meine dankenswerten Bemühungen nicht vergeudet wurden. | |
21 | Panditur Ensinis tellus exculta colonis | Das Land an der Enns erstreckt sich, von Landleuten sorgfältig bebaut, | Ensinis tellus
The term refers to the farmland surrounding the Enns River, so basically Upper and Lower Austria (German "Österreich ob und unter der Enns").
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22 | Pannoniam supra, clivosis condita passim | oberhalb von Pannonien, überall bedeckt von abschüssigen | |
23 | Collibus et rapido, nulli non nobilis amne | Hügeln und durchzogen vom allseits bekannten, reißenden | |
24 | Danubii, qui saevit aquis seroque canali | Donaustrom, der tosende Wassermassen wälzt und später durch einen Kanal | |
25 | Impetit Euxinum mutato nomine pontum. | unter einem anderen Namen ins Schwarze Meer stürzt. | Euxinum...pontum
Ancient Latin name of the Black Sea.
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26 | Cuius in undisonae consurgit margine ripae | Am Rande seines wellenrauschenden Ufers erhebt | |
27 | Nobilis urbs Lincii: Sic illam nomine dicunt | sich die berühmte Stadt Linz: So nennt sie | |
28 | Indigenae populi, vario seu nebrida cultu | die einheimische Bevölkerung, sei es, weil sie durch die fleckweise Bepflanzung das Aussehen eines Hirschfelles | |
29 | Insimulat, seu quod celsa speculatur ab arce | aufweist, sei es, weil sie von einer erhabenen Festung aus umherspäht, | |
30 | Exploratque procul visuque simillima lynci. | weithin Ausschau hält und in ihrer Sehkraft einem Luchs sehr ähnlich ist. | |
31 | Hic, postquam Latiis Caesar concessit ab oris | Hierher hat der Kaiser, nachdem er die latinischen Lande hinter sich gelassen, | |
32 | Lustravitque urbes Venetas Portumque Naonis, | die Städte Venetiens durchreist, Pordenone, | |
33 | Alsaeias undas et te, Tergeste, reliquit, | die Fluten des Ausa und dich, Triest, verlassen hatte, | Alsaeias...undas
Ausa, river flowing in the area of Cervignano del Friuli.
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34 | Concilium vocat heroum: Sic turba deorum | eine Versammlung von Ehrenmännern einberufen: Ebenso eilt die Götterschar | |
35 | Undique terrifici properant ad iussa Tonantis. | auf Geheiß des schreckenerregenden Donnerers von überallher zusammen. | |
36 | Convenere duces, seu secum foedera iungi, | Die Machthaber versammelten sich, sei es, um Bündnisse untereinander einzugehen, | |
37 | Sive Asiam bellare parant Turcosque feroces, | sei es, um sich für Kriege gegen Asien oder die wilden Türken zu rüsten, | Turcos
After the siege and conquest of Constantinople in 1453, the Turkish Ottoman Empire established itself as the main power of the eastern Mediterranean. Before and after that event, the Turks conquered substantial parts of South-Eastern Europe. Emperor Frederick and King Maximilian planned various campaigns and crusades against the Turks. One of the main goals was to free Palestine, Jerusalem and the tomb of Christ ("Christique sepulcrum") from the Turkish domination.
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38 | Sive Palaestina penitus detrudere terra | sei es, um das den Göttern verhasste Volk restlos | |
39 | Gentem invisam superis Christique sepulcrum | aus palästinensischem Land zu vertreiben und das Grab Christi | |
40 | Romano imperio nec iniquo asciscere bello. | in einem ganz und gar gerechten Krieg der römischen Herrschaft zu unterstellen. | |
41 | Atque ea dum inter se vario sermone volutant, | Und während sie diese Angelegenheiten in vielerlei Unterredungen untereinander diskutierten, | |
42 | Per varios ludos longa et spectacula rerum | verbrachten andere die Tage mit diversen Spielen | |
43 | Consumunt alii soles: Hic currere forti | und lang andauernden Spektakeln: Der eine liebt es, auf einem kräftigen | |
44 | Gaudet equo, ille pedes melior contendere metas; | Ross zu reiten, der andere ist besser darin, die Ziellinie im Wettlauf anzustreben; | |
45 | Hic iacit ingenti concussum hastile lacerto, | dieser schleudert den bebenden Speer mit gewaltiger Muskelkraft, | |
46 | Ille graves ferri contorquet in aëra massas | jener wirft schwere Eisenbrocken in die Lüfte | |
47 | Sisyphium aut vertit onus libratque per auras | oder wälzt eine Last wie die von Sisyphus und schleudert Gewichte, die dem | Sisyphium...onus
the comparison contains a reference to Sisyphus' eternal punishment. Sisyphus was the king of Corinth and was condemned by Zeus to eternally roll on the slope of a hill in the depths of Hades a boulder which, once pushed to the top, always fell down.
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48 | Non Diomedeo cedentia pondera saxo; | Felsblock von Diomedes in nichts nachstehen, in den Himmel; | Diomedeo...saxo
reference to Diomedes, one of the main Achaean heroes in the Trojan war; in the Iliad, particularly in Books V and VI, the hero performs many deeds, including a duel with Aeneas, the second best Trojan warrior: in this confrontation, Diomedes hits his enemy’s knee with a stone.
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49 | Hic chalybis pilulas ferro detrudit et igni, | einer ballert Stahlkügelchen mithilfe von Eisen und Feuer, | chalybis pilulas
these ʽsteel marblesʼ are projectiles; firearms began to be employed in Europe in the XIV century.
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50 | Unde tremit tellus resonatque fragoribus aër, | wovon die Erde erbebt und die Luft vor Knallen widerhallt, | Cydonia spicula
reference to the city of Cydon, located on the north-western coast of Crete. This island was renowned for its bows.
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vos corr. Zingerle : tos O
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66
certamini corr. Zingerle : certamine O
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occurrere corr. Zingerle : occurre O